Register & enjoy the perks of a Universal College Application, Easy Process, Time-saving, and Free Contact details and Brochures.
Monthly Users
Monthly Applications
Admissions
No Result Found
Home > News & Articles > Eubacteria: Definitions, Examples, Scientific Classifications, Characteristics, Reproduction, Mode of Nutrition, and Structure
Updated on 29th August, 2023 , 8 min read
The domain Bacteria contains the Eubacteria, while the domain Archaebacteria contains the Archaebacteria. Eubacteria contain the basic features of a prokaryotic organism, but they may also create spores and can be dangerous (cause illness in people and animals). Eubacteria reproduce via binary fission or budding and frequently form enormous colonies capable of producing extracellular structures such as "biofilms" that defend the colony in novel ways.
They are also known as "true bacteria." Eubacteria are prokaryotic organisms (those without a membrane-bound nucleus), with unicellular and single-cellular DNA chromosomes. They have peptidoglycan in their cell wall and, if they are motile, flagella. It is one of the three domains in Woese's three-domain categorization scheme. They may be found in a wide range of habitats all around the world. Except for archaebacteria, almost all bacteria come under this category.
Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas are bacteria that may use inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide and energy sources as carbon sources to make complex molecules that are reduced nitrogen compounds. Nitrosomonas can oxidize ammonium to nitrite, whereas Nitrobacter can oxidize nitrite to nitrates via the nitrification process. Nitrates, a byproduct of nitrification, are a transportable type of nitrogen that is extremely important in agriculture. Zoogloea species contribute to sewage treatment procedures such as the activated sludge system. These bacteria develop into a slimy, fluffy material that is necessary for the operation of such systems. Humans can consume Xanthomonas campestris. It has the ability to produce xanthan utilizing lactose. Because xanthan has a thickening effect, it is used to make salad dressing, dairy products, shampoos, cold creams, and cosmetics.
The following table gives details about the scientific classification of eubacteria-
After analyzing the nucleotide sequences in each cell, three domains of life were hypothesized in the 1990s based on the fact that ribosomes varied in the three types of cells (Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and Eukaryota). Despite being prokaryotes, Eubacteria and Archaebacteria were divided due to differences in the small rRNA component in both domains. Because archaebacteria dwell in harsh settings, they are regarded to be the first species to exist on Earth. Molecular theories support the idea that genes were transported horizontally across the three types of cells, influencing the evolution of life. Some bacteria have developed into mitochondria and chloroplasts via gene transfer, according to the Endosymbiotic hypothesis. To continue the evolutionary process, mitochondria and chloroplasts were genetically transported between domains.
The following are some of the characteristics of eubacteria-
After the copying of genetic material, the parent cell is normally divided into two daughter cells in a process known as binary fission. Some bacteria can generate spores in unfavorable situations such as nutritional deprivation, chemical exposure, or radiation. Although these spores cannot multiply, they are extremely resistant to poisons, radiation, heat, and dryness. Bacillus and Clostridium spore-forming bacteria are considered dangerous microorganisms, hence sterilization treatments must eradicate bacterial spores. When environmental circumstances improve, bacterial spores begin to vegetate and proliferate once more.
The majority of eubacteria are heterotropic. Eubacteria are unable to synthesize food and must obtain it from other sources such as other plants, organic carbon sources, or animal materials. Heterotrophs break down dead matter or parasites found in a host. Some eubacteria are autotrophic. They produce food using either chemosynthetic or photosynthetic means. Cyanobacteria is the most common kind of eubacteria.
The globe is replete with many eubacterial species, and our bodies include several eubacterial species that are physiologically significant in our lives. Our bodies are only made up of the eubacteria habitats that make up our typical flora. Normal flora does not damage us and is healthy for our bodies. They guard our bodies against dangerous eubacteria, for example, while others can generate biologically vital compounds such as B vitamins and vitamin K. Several eubacteria species are utilized in the bulk manufacture of chewable or tablet vitamins because they are a cheap, safe, and non-toxic source of vitamins. Propionibacterium and Pseudomonas species, for example, create vitamin B12, whereas Acetobacter species use glucose to make ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
They are classified into four kinds based on their shape-
They are categorized into two groups based on the stain they take during Christian Gram's gram staining-
.jpg)
The following is a description of the structure of a eubacterial cell-
The cell wall, which is composed of peptidoglycan, is the cell's outermost layer. In addition, some bacteria have a capsule that is made up of carbohydrates and proteins. Many eubacteria contain flagella, which are cellular appendages that allow them to move in a circular motion. Flagella are made up of flagellin proteins that protrude from the cell wall. The flagella's base is anchored within the cell membrane. The cell membrane, which is composed of a bilayer of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, follows the cell wall. The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, which means that not all particles pass through it. Cytoplasm, which contains cellular contents, is enclosed by the cell membrane. Eubacteria do not have a fully formed nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. The nucleoid is a bare and coiled structure seen in the cytoplasm that is termed DNA. Eubacteria also include extrachromosomal circular DNA termed plasmids, which enable antibiotic resistance as well as pathogenicity. Enzymes and proteins are present in the cytoplasm to carry out metabolic functions. Mesosomes are invaginations of the cell membrane that may be observed in the cytoplasm. These enzymes are photosynthetic and respiratory in nature.
There are two primary kinds of Eubacteria, which are as follows-
They are also known as BGA (Blue Green Algae). Gram-negative bacteria are what they are. Cyanobacteria are the earliest species to demonstrate oxygenic photosynthesis. They have chlorophyll, just like higher plants. They are usually found in freshwater, however, a few are found in saltwater. They form symbiotic relationships with nearly all eukaryotic species. Anabaena, for example, is found in association with the coralloid roots of Cycas. Their bodily structures differ. They might be unicellular, filamentous, or colonial in nature. They may have trichomes. They do not, however, have flagella. Because they include nitrogenase-containing heterocysts, such as Nostoc, cyanobacteria aid in nitrogen fixation. They reproduce in an asexual manner. They lack true sexual reproduction.
They come in a variety of morphologies and are known as PPLO (Pleuropneumonia Like Organisms). Because they lack genuine cell walls, they are referred to as "bacteria with their coats off" and "plant kingdom jokers." With a size of roughly 0.02-0.2 microns, PPLO are the tiniest living organisms. They are facultative anaerobic organisms. They eat in a heterotrophic way and are often parasitic. Some of them are saprotrophs. They are both pathogenic to plants and animals. Mycoplasma is resistant to medications such as penicillin and bacitracin. They do not, however, have resistance to medicines like streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Because of its tiny size, Mycoplasma can slip through bacteriological screens.
The following table gives the difference between Archaebacteria and Eubacteria-
Was this Article Helpful/Relevant or did you get what you were looking for ?
👍 1,234
👎234
D Pharmacy: Admission 2024, Subjects, Colleges, Eligibility, Fees, Jobs, Salary
By - Nikita Parmar 2023-11-04 08:11:48 , 7 min readHow to Become a Pilot after 12th: In India, Courses, Exams, Fees, Salary 2023
By - Nikita Parmar 2023-08-25 09:48:44 , 11 min readAns. The anaerobic state is essential for nitrogenase activity and is provided by the thick cell wall of specialized cells of heterocysts with a mucilaginous covering.
Ans. Penicillin and other antibiotics assault and destroy the cell wall. Penicillin has no effect on Mycoplasma because it lacks cell walls. Antibiotics such as Streptomycin, on the other hand, block other metabolic activities and hence have an effect on mycoplasma.
Ans. They are also known as "true bacteria." Eubacteria are prokaryotic organisms (those without a membrane-bound nucleus), with unicellular and single-cellular DNA chromosomes. They have peptidoglycan in their cell wall and, if they are motile, flagella. It is one of the three domains in Woese's three-domain categorization scheme. They may be found in a wide range of habitats all around the world. Except for archaebacteria, almost all bacteria come under this category.
Ans. Cyanobacteria reproduce asexually by binary fission, fragmentation, heterocysts, akinetes, and hormogonia.
Ans. Aulosira is the most frequent BGA identified in rice fields in India.
communication@collegesearch.in
+91 84482 99862 
Download Brochure
