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Updated on 06th May, 2023 , 5 min read
A saturated solution is a type of chemical solution in which the solvent has dissolved the maximum possible amount of solute. Additional solute added to a saturated solution will not dissolve, instead, it will form a solid precipitate or release gas. The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent to form a saturated solution depends on various factors.
Saturated solutions are essential in many chemical processes and have numerous practical applications in different fields, such as the food and drug industries, agriculture, and environmental studies.
A saturated solution is a solution in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. It is a state of equilibrium where the rate of dissolution of the solute equals the rate of precipitation, and no more solute can be dissolved under the current conditions. Any additional solute added to the solution will remain undissolved and settle at the bottom of the container. The solubility of a solute in a solvent depends on various factors like temperature, pressure, and the chemical nature of the solute and solvent.
To prepare a saturated solution, you need to follow the steps below:
Note:The temperature and pressure must be kept constant throughout the process to ensure that the solution is saturated.
The formation of a saturated solution depends on several factors, such as temperature, pressure, and the chemical nature of the solute and solvent.
Saturated solutions can be found in many everyday products and substances. Here are some examples:
The table below shows the main three types of saturation.
|
Types of Saturation |
Definitions |
Example |
|
Saturated Solution |
A saturated solution is a solution that is in equilibrium with respect to a given dissolved substance. |
Carbonated water |
|
A solution that is not in equilibrium with respect to a given dissolved substance and in which more substance can be dissolved. |
NaCl in water |
|
|
Supersaturated Solution |
A solution contains more dissolved substances than a saturated solution does. |
Sugar is dissolved in a saturated solution by heating. |
An unsaturated solution is a solution in which more solute can be dissolved in the solvent. This means that the concentration of the solute in an unsaturated solution is less than the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in the solvent at the current conditions.
In contrast, a saturated solution is a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at the current conditions. The concentration of the solute in a saturated solution is equal to the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in the solvent at the current conditions.
Table: Comparison between Saturated Solution and Unsaturated Solution
|
Saturated Solution |
|
|
No more solute can dissolve |
More solute can dissolve |
|
Concentration is constant |
Concentration is variable |
|
Equilibrium exists |
No equilibrium exists |
|
Maximum amount of solute |
Less than the maximum amount |
|
Solubility is reached |
Solubility is not reached |
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By - Nikita Parmar 2023-08-25 09:48:44 , 11 min readA saturated solution is a type of solution in which no more solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.
When you add more solute to a saturated solution, it will not dissolve and will form a solid precipitate.
A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure, while an unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute.
A saturated solution is formed by dissolving solute in a solvent until no more solute can dissolve, at a specific temperature and pressure.
The solubility of a solute in a solvent is affected by temperature, pressure, and the chemical properties of the solute and solvent.
Yes, a saturated solution can be heated, but it will not dissolve any additional solute. Instead, it may become unsaturated if the solubility of the solute increases with temperature.
When you cool down a supersaturated solution, the excess solute that was dissolved at a higher temperature may come out of solution and form crystals.
One way to tell if a solution is saturated is by adding solute to the solution and observing if it dissolves or not. If the solute does not dissolve, the solution is saturated.
Some examples of saturated solutions include sugar water, salt water, and ethanol-water mixtures.
Saturated solutions are used in various scientific and industrial applications, such as in chemical reactions, analytical chemistry, and crystallization processes.
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