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Home > News & Articles > Mole Fraction: Definitions, Examples, Properties, Symbols and Derivation, Unit, Formula, and Related Quantities
Updated on 30th June, 2023 , 5 min read
The Mole Fraction is the product of the number of molecules in a component divided by the sum of molecules in a mixture. When two reactive components are combined, it is highly helpful. The mole fraction is the ratio of the two components. It is an important chapter in Class 11 that will be covered in all competitive tests, including the IIT exams, the JEE Mains exam, and the NEET exam.
The International System of Units (SI) uses the mole (symbol mol) as the unit of material quantity. How many elementary entities of a certain substance are present in an item or sample is determined by the quantity of that material.
The mole fraction is the product of the number of molecules of a certain component in a mixture and its total molecular weight. It is a means to convey how concentrated a solution is. The number of molecules in a mixture of a certain component divided by the overall number of molecules in that mixture is known as the mole fraction. A mole fraction is a quantity that has no units. The mole fraction is denoted by the symbol X.
The following table gives details about the mole fraction-
|
Unit System |
SI |
|
Unit of |
Amount of substance |
|
Symbol |
mol |
The mole fraction of the acetone is 0.7 in a solution of 1 mol benzene, 2 mol carbon tetrachloride, and 7 mol acetone. This is calculated by multiplying the total number of moles of the solution's components by the sum of the moles of acetone in the solution-
Number of moles present in Acetone = 7
Number of moles present in benzene = 1
Number of moles present in carbon tetrachloride = 2
Total number of moles present in the solution overall = 10
Acetone moles divided by the total moles of solution give the acetone mole fraction.
Acetone Mole Fraction = 7/10
Acetone has a mole fraction of 0.7.
Similar to how benzene's mole fraction would be 1/10 or 0.1 and carbon tetrachloride's mole fraction would be 2/10 or 0.2.
The mole fraction's characteristics are as follows-
Instead of the conventional Roman X, the lowercase character "chi" is used to represent the mole fraction.
You can get the mole percentage by multiplying the mole fraction by 100. This is also referred to as amount/amount%. As a result, the mole percent can even go as high as 100 in this case and then return to the mole fraction divided by 100.
If two compounds A and B are present in a solution, their respective mole fractions are as follows-
Mole fraction of solute = (Moles of Solute) / (Total number of moles of the solutes and the solvent).
XA = (mol A) / ( mol A + mol B)
And
XB = (mol B) / ( mol A + mol B)
NOTE: The total mole fractions contained in the given combination equal one.
XA + XB = 1.
The mole percentage is obtained by multiplying the mole fractions by 100. A unitless and dimensionless statement is a mole fraction. As a result, the mole fraction of each component added together is always equal to one. Please be aware that mole fraction refers to a percentage of molecules, which is distinct from mass fraction because different molecules have different masses.
The following are some of the quantities of mole fraction-
The mass fraction of a component is its molar mass. Wi is the symbol for it.
The mass fraction equation is-
Mi = The component's molar mass
M = The mixture's mean molar mass.
The term "molar mixing ratio" refers to the mixing of two or more ratios.
To obtain a relative figure, one must multiply the computed mole fraction by 100.
The amount of a chemical species present in a solution is measured by its concentration.
The following are some of the benefits of mole fractions include-
The following are some of the disadvantages of mole fractions include-
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By - Nikita Parmar 2023-08-25 09:48:44 , 11 min readAns. The molar fraction has no units because it is a ratio. Since the molar fraction has no dimensions, it has no units either. It is only a number, and all numbers are smaller than one.
Ans. A gas can exert force in the form of partial pressure. The total pressure of all the gases in a mixture equals the sum of their individual partial pressures. Partial pressure is very important in forecasting the flow of gases.
Ans. The molar fraction is not at all temperature-dependent, in contrast to molar conductivity. As a result, the molar fraction cannot be impacted by temperature. This won’t change, regardless of the temperature.
Ans. The ratio of the number of individual component molecules (or moles) to the overall number of molecules (or moles) in the combination is known as the mole fraction. The mole fraction is helpful when mixing two reactive components since the ratio of the two components may be understood if the mole fraction of each component is known.
Ans. The substances or solutes present in the solution or mixture will be less than 1 since the total amount of the solution or mixture is assumed to be 1. Since the total is 1, the sum cannot be greater than unity.
Ans. The main distinction between partial pressure and vapor pressure is that the former refers to the pressure that vapor, with its condensed liquid state in its thermodynamic equilibrium, exerts on a mixture as though it were the only gas present in that environment.
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