The Uttarakhand Board of School Education (UBSE) is the governing body for education in the state. The educational body has released the latest and updated syllabus for class 9-12 for the academic year 2025. In this article, we have covered the UK Board Class 12 Biology syllabus.
To make sure that the exam preparations are heading in the right direction, students must read and understand the syllabus. One of the most important parts of the syllabus is the course content. Let’s take a look at the same.
UK Board Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025-26
Below mentioned is the detailed syllabus:
Unit | Chapter | Topics Covered |
Unit I: Diversity of Living Organisms | Ch-1: The Living World | Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of life; Taxonomy and systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature |
Ch-2: Biological Classification | Five kingdom classification; Salient features & classification of Monera, Protista, Fungi; Lichens, Viruses, Viroids | |
Ch-3: Plant Kingdom | Classification of plants into major groups; Features & examples of Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Angiosperms | |
Ch-4: Animal Kingdom | Salient features & classification of animals; Non-chordates up to phyla level; Chordates up to class level; Examples of each category (No live specimens to be displayed) | |
Unit II: Structural Organization in Plants & Animals | Ch-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants | Morphology of root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, seed; Description of family Solanaceae |
Ch-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants | Anatomy & functions of tissue systems in dicots & monocots | |
Ch-7: Structural Organisation in Animals | Morphology, anatomy & functions of digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous & reproductive systems of frog | |
Unit III: Cell – Structure & Function | Ch-8: Cell – The Unit of Life | Cell theory; Prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells; Plant & animal cells; Cell envelope; Cell membrane, cell wall; Organelles (ER, Golgi, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies); Cytoskeleton; Cilia, flagella, centrioles; Nucleus |
Ch-9: Biomolecules | Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids – structure & function; Enzymes (types, properties, action) Excluded topics: Nature of Bond Linking Monomers, Dynamic State of Body Constituents, Concept of Metabolism, Metabolic Basis of Living, The Living State | |
Ch-10: Cell Cycle & Cell Division | Cell cycle; Mitosis; Meiosis; Significance | |
Unit IV: Plant Physiology | Ch-11: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants | Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis; Pigments (elementary idea); Photochemical & biosynthetic phases; Cyclic & non-cyclic photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration; C3 & C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis |
Ch-12: Respiration in Plants | Exchange of gases; Cellular respiration (glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle, ETS); Energy relations (ATP yield); Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient | |
Ch-13: Plant Growth & Development | Seed germination; Phases of growth; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation; Developmental processes; Plant growth regulators (auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA) | |
Unit V: Human Physiology | Ch-14: Breathing & Exchange of Gases | Respiratory organs (animals – recall only); Human respiratory system; Mechanism & regulation of breathing; Exchange & transport of gases; Respiratory volume; Disorders – asthma, emphysema, occupational respiratory diseases |
Ch-15: Body Fluids & Circulation | Blood composition, groups, coagulation; Lymph & its function; Human circulatory system (heart, blood vessels); Cardiac cycle, output, ECG; Double circulation; Regulation; Disorders – hypertension, CAD, angina, heart failure | |
Ch-16: Excretory Products & Their Elimination | Excretion types – ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system (structure & function); Urine formation; Osmoregulation; Regulation (RAAS, ANF, ADH, diabetes insipidus); Role of other excretory organs; Disorders – uremia, renal failure, calculi, nephritis; Dialysis & artificial kidney; Kidney transplant | |
Ch-17: Locomotion & Movement | Types of movement – ciliary, flagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle, contractile proteins, mechanism of contraction; Skeletal system & joints; Disorders – myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout | |
Ch-18: Neural Control & Coordination | Neuron & nerves; Human nervous system (CNS, PNS, VNS); Generation & conduction of nerve impulse | |
Ch-19: Chemical Coordination & Integration | Endocrine glands & hormones; Human endocrine system (hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads); Mechanism of hormone action (elementary); Role of hormones as messengers; Disorders – dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goitre, diabetes, Addison’s disease | |
Excluded from Assessment (But Included in Syllabus) | — | Digestion & Absorption: Alimentary canal, digestive glands; Role of enzymes & GI hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption, assimilation of nutrients; Calorific values; Egestion; Disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhoea |
UK Board Class 12th Biology Syllabus: Steps to Download
Step 1: Visit the official website of the Uttarakhand Board at ubse.uk.gov.in
Step 2: Now click on the ‘syllabus’ link
Step 3: The UK Board 12th syllabus 2025-26 will now appear on your screen
Step 4: Click on the download button and save the result for further references
