Meghalaya 10th Computer Applications Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF Below

Unit

Topics

Detailed Explanation

1. Basics of Information Technology

• Introduction to Computers • History and Generations of Computers • Classification of Computers (Micro, Mini, Mainframe, Super) • Components of a Computer System • Input, Output, and Storage Devices

This unit builds fundamental awareness of computer systems. Students learn how computers evolved, the difference between hardware and software, and the role of different components like CPU, memory, input/output devices, and storage. Focus is given to understanding how technology shapes modern society.

2. Operating Systems and GUI

• Functions of an Operating System • Types: Batch, Multi-tasking, Time Sharing, Real-time • File Management • Introduction to GUI (Windows/Linux basics)

Students learn how operating systems act as an interface between hardware and users. Practical exposure to file handling (creating, renaming, copying, deleting) is emphasized. GUI features such as desktop, icons, taskbar, and windows management are explained to build basic hands-on skills.

3. Office Productivity Tools

• Word Processing (MS Word/LibreOffice Writer) • Spreadsheets (MS Excel/LibreOffice Calc) • Presentations (MS PowerPoint/LibreOffice Impress)

This unit develops practical skills in creating professional documents, spreadsheets with formulas/functions, and presentations with design elements. Students learn formatting, tables, charts, inserting objects, using functions like SUM, AVERAGE, IF, and presentation tools like transitions and animations.

4. Programming in Python (Basics)

• Introduction to Python • IDE and syntax basics • Data Types (int, float, string, boolean) • Operators (Arithmetic, Relational, Logical) • Control Structures (if-else, loops) • Simple Programs (calculations, patterns)

Python programming is introduced as a beginner-friendly language. Students practice writing small programs, understanding logical flow, and using conditional and iterative constructs. The goal is to develop problem-solving ability while learning modern coding practices.

5. Programming in Python (Advanced)

• Lists and Strings • Functions • File Handling (text files: read, write, append) • Error Handling (basic try-except)

This section takes students deeper into programming by working with collections like lists, manipulating strings, and writing reusable code with functions. File handling introduces real-world applications such as data storage and retrieval. Error handling teaches resilience in programs.

6. Database Management Systems (DBMS)

• Concept of Data and Information • Database vs File System • RDBMS Concepts • Tables, Rows, Columns, Primary Key, Foreign Key • Introduction to SQL: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE

Students explore how structured data is stored and managed. They learn database design principles, relationships between tables, and use SQL commands to query and modify data. Emphasis is on building logical thinking for handling real-life data problems.

7. Internet and Web Applications

• Evolution of the Internet • Web Browsers, Search Engines • Email and Cloud Applications • Cybersecurity and Safe Practices • Social Media and its Impact

Students learn how the Internet connects the world, basics of web navigation, and the importance of responsible online behavior. Practical lessons include searching effectively, using email properly, and understanding cyber threats like phishing, malware, and safe online practices.

8. Networking Concepts

• LAN, MAN, WAN • Wired vs Wireless Networks • Topologies (Bus, Star, Ring) • Protocols (TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP)

This unit explains how computers communicate with each other. Students learn about types of networks, advantages of wired and wireless setups, and the role of protocols in ensuring smooth communication. Visual diagrams of topologies help in better understanding.

9. Emerging Technologies

• Artificial Intelligence (AI) Basics • Cloud Computing • Big Data • Internet of Things (IoT) • Cyber Ethics

This section introduces students to the future of technology. Concepts like AI in daily life, cloud services for storage and applications, massive data handling, and IoT devices (smart homes, wearables) are discussed. Cyber ethics emphasizes responsible technology use and digital citizenship.

10. Practical Work and Project

• Word Processing / Spreadsheet / Presentation tasks • Python Programming Exercises • SQL Queries • Internet Activities (email, browsing) • One Small Project

Students demonstrate their learning through hands-on practicals. Projects may include building a small database system, writing a Python program to automate calculations, or creating a multimedia presentation. This ensures skill application and prepares students for higher studies and real-life tasks.