Maharashtra Class 10th Sanskrit Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF Below

Unit

Topics Covered

Detailed Explanation

1. Prose (Gadyakāvya)

Selected lessons from prescribed Sanskrit prose texts.

Students will read and understand different prose chapters that highlight moral stories, historical accounts, and philosophical teachings. The focus is on enhancing comprehension skills, learning sentence construction, and understanding the classical use of Sanskrit in narrative form.

2. Poetry (Kāvyakhaṇḍa)

Verses from classical Sanskrit poetry and subhāṣitas (wise sayings).

Learners will study poems from renowned Sanskrit poets. The emphasis is on appreciating literary beauty, poetic devices such as alankāras (figures of speech), chandas (meters), and understanding how poetry conveys moral, cultural, and spiritual values.

3. Grammar (Vyakaraṇa)

Topics include: Sandhi (euphonic combination), Samāsa (compounds), Subanta (declension of nouns and pronouns), Tiṅanta (verb conjugations), Avyayas (indeclinables), Karaka (case functions).

This unit strengthens grammatical foundation. Students will learn how sounds combine, how words are compounded, and how nouns, pronouns, and verbs are properly declined and conjugated. Focus is also on sentence construction, applying grammatical rules, and practical usage.

4. Translation & Composition

- Sanskrit to Marathi/English translation - Marathi/English to Sanskrit translation - Simple sentence composition

Enhances language application skills by bridging Sanskrit with modern languages. Students will practice translating prose and poetry into Marathi/English, while also learning to write simple sentences and passages in Sanskrit to develop fluency and confidence.

5. Unseen Passage (Anvaya and Comprehension)

Reading comprehension based on unseen Sanskrit passages.

Students will be trained to carefully read, analyze, and understand unseen Sanskrit passages. The goal is to improve comprehension, vocabulary, and the ability to identify main ideas, meanings, and contextual uses of words.

6. Applied Sanskrit

Daily life applications: dialogues, proverbs, moral sayings.

Practical exposure to Sanskrit usage in daily life, such as forming small dialogues, learning traditional proverbs, and using moral sayings. Helps in connecting the ancient language to modern communication contexts.

7. Writing Skills (Nibandha and Letter Writing)

Short essays and formal/informal letter writing in Sanskrit.

Students will be taught how to write structured essays (Nibandhas) on simple topics and also practice writing letters such as applications, invitations, or personal correspondence in Sanskrit. This develops creative expression in the language.

8. Culture & Literature (Sanskriti evam Sāhitya)

Study of cultural values through Sanskrit texts.

Sanskrit literature provides insights into India’s cultural, spiritual, and philosophical heritage. Students will explore stories and verses that convey ethical teachings, traditions, and knowledge from ancient texts.