Approximately 8.7 crore Indian youth aged 15 to 29 are not engaged in employment, education, or training (NEET). A NITI Aayog report released in 2024 highlights this challenge. The findings stem from the 78th round of the National Sample Survey in 2021. The report, titled "Reimagining Skilling for Viksit Bharat@2047," urges more accessible and supported training.
NEET Category Explained
The NEET classification identifies young individuals lacking formal education or vocational skills. They are also not employed. This group is disconnected from learning and the job market. NITI Aayog's framework categorizes the workforce into students, tertiary education attendees, employed individuals, NEET youth, and women.
Barriers to Skill Development
Financial constraints present a major hurdle for skill acquisition. Young people may struggle to afford further training after completing their initial education. This burden is heavier for those from low-income families. These individuals often lack income while managing past educational expenses.
Some graduates accept jobs that offer stability. These roles may not align with their qualifications or career goals. The report indicates a significant disconnect between education and employment.
Education-Employment Mismatch
Only 8.25% of graduates find jobs matching their educational qualifications. Factors contributing to this include limited practical experience. Insufficient industry-aligned training also plays a role. A degree does not guarantee employment in a related field.
NITI Aayog Recommendations
The report advocates for expanding affordable or subsidized skill development programs. These should target NEET youth and women. Financial support is crucial where cost is a primary obstacle. Opportunities for learning while earning are recommended. This allows skill-building alongside income generation.
For those outside education and employment, mid-career reskilling is advised. Training should align with local demands and emerging sectors. Pathways for self-employment are also emphasized.
Skilling and National Goals
NITI Aayog links skill development to India's goal of "Viksit Bharat@2047." The report suggests that sustained national development requires continuous learning and earning opportunities for citizens. A stronger connection between education, vocational training, and employment is key. This will facilitate smoother transitions for youth into the workforce.
