The ISC Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26 has been published by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE). The objective of this syllabus is to increase students' understanding of core principles of physics. The syllabus covers theory and practicals, as well as project work to ensure thorough preparation for board examinations and competitive examinations like JEE and NEET.
Download ISC 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-26 PDF Here!
ISC Class 12 Physics Theory Syllabus 2025-26 (Paper I – 70 Marks)
The theory syllabus is divided into 9 core units. Here's the unit-wise weightage:
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Marks |
| 1 | Electrostatics | 14 |
| 2 | Current Electricity | |
| 3 | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | 16 |
| 4 | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | |
| 5 | Electromagnetic Waves | 2 |
| 6 | Optics | 18 |
| 7 | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 7 |
| 8 | Atoms and Nuclei | 6 |
| 9 | Electronic Devices | 7 |
| Total | 70 |
ISC Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26 – Detailed Unit-wise Topics
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Key Topics and Subtopics | Marks |
| 1 | Electrostatics | - Electric charge, Coulomb’s law, Superposition principle - Electric field, Electric dipole - Gauss’s law & applications - Electric potential & energy - Capacitance, energy in capacitors, dielectrics | 14 |
| 2 | Current Electricity | - Drift velocity, mobility, Ohm’s law - Resistivity, conductivity, temperature dependence - Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge - Potentiometer applications | – |
| 3 | Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism | - Biot–Savart law, Ampere’s law - Lorentz force, force on conductor - Galvanometer to ammeter/voltmeter - Magnetic materials: dia, para, ferro | 16 |
| 4 | Electromagnetic Induction & AC | - Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws - Self & mutual induction - Transformers, eddy currents - RMS values, reactance, impedance - Power factor, resonance, LC oscillations | – |
| 5 | Electromagnetic Waves | - Displacement current - Maxwell’s theory (qualitative) - Electromagnetic spectrum and applications | 2 |
| 6 | Optics | - Reflection, refraction, mirror/lens formulas - Total internal reflection, optical fibres - Optical instruments: microscopes, telescopes - Huygens’ principle, interference, diffraction | 18 |
| 7 | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | - Photoelectric effect, Einstein’s equation - de Broglie hypothesis - Davisson-Germer experiment | 7 |
| 8 | Atoms and Nuclei | - Bohr’s model of atom - Hydrogen spectrum - Mass defect, binding energy - Nuclear fission & fusion | 6 |
| 9 | Electronic Devices | - Energy bands: conductors, semiconductors - PN-junction diode, LED, photodiode - Zener diode as voltage regulator | 7 |
ISC Class 12 Physics Practical Syllabus 2025-26 (Paper II – 15 Marks)
The practical section includes experiments, graph plotting, and circuit connections.
List of Experiments
| Sl. No. | Experiment Description |
| 1 | Focal length of convex lens (u-v method) |
| 2 | Convex lens by displacement method |
| 3 | Focal length of concave lens with auxiliary lens |
| 4 | Concave mirror focal length (u-v method) |
| 5 | Refractive index using convex lens & plane mirror |
| 6 | Focal length of convex mirror |
| 7 | Specific resistance using meter bridge |
| 8 | Internal resistance of a cell using potentiometer |
| 9 | Verify laws of combination of resistors using meter bridge |
| 10 | Potentiometer to compare emf and calculate potential gradient |
Demonstration Experiments (by Teacher)
- Convert galvanometer to ammeter/voltmeter
- Study I-V characteristics of diodes
- Identify electronic components
- Use multimeter for testing
- Charging/discharging capacitor
Project Work & Practical File – 15 Marks
| Component | Marks | Details |
| Project Work | 10 | Theoretical, working model, or investigatory with report |
| Practical File | 5 | Neat record of experiments, graph work & presentation |
Project Evaluation Criteria
- Title and introduction
- Originality and relevance
- Graphs, data analysis
- Conclusion and clarity
ISC Class 12 Physics Exam Pattern 2025-26
The ISC Physics examination comprises two papers:
| Paper | Name | Duration | Marks |
| Paper I | Theory | 3 Hours | 70 |
| Paper II | Practical | 3 Hours | 15 |
| Project Work | – | 10 | |
| Practical File | – | 5 | |
| Total | 100 |
Also read: ISC 12th Exam Pattern 2025-26
Important Guidelines
- All units must be in SI units.
- Number problems will be included in all topics unless otherwise stated.
- Focus on how to draw graphs: title, scale, origin, line of best fit.
- Short answer questions may require you to use experiments.
Also read: ISC Class 12 Preparation Guidelines
Final Tips for ISC Physics Preparation
- Know each topic conceptually and get good practice with derivations.
- Remember diagrams and their labels.
- Practice numerical problems and past year questions.
- Maintain an up to date and accurate practical file.
- Conduct a relevant project that is measuring something meaningful in the real world.
